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5/17
2007
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Internet Journal of Food Saety
Melamine Special
Issue
Send your opinions for Melamine to info@foodhaccp.com.
Melamine
U.S. Dept. of Agriculture: Hogs linked to melamine safe to eat
By Dawn House
he Salt Lake Tribune
Article Last Updated: 05/15/2007 01:55:19 PM MDT
Posted: 1:55 PM- More than 56,000 hogs - including 3,000 from four northern
Utah farms -that ate feed contaminated with the industrial chemical melamine
have been released for slaughter, federal agriculture officials said Tuesday.
The hogs in Utah and six other states had been placed in limbo for nearly
three weeks until investigators confirmed the melamine was excreted in
the animals' urine and had not contaminated the meat, the officials said
during a teleconference from Washington, D.C.
Tests and so-called risk assessment studies indicate the "meat is
safe for human consumption," said Kenneth Petersen, an assistant
administrator with the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Still on hold are test results for about 80,000 breeder chickens in Indiana
and an undetermined number of fish from two commercial fish farms in Hawaii
and Washington, where contaminated feed was shipped.
The melamine was exported into the United States by two Chinese companies
that had injected it into ground wheat flour, which in turn was mislabeled
as wheat gluten and protein rice concentrate. The companies have been
shut down and its executives detained by Chinese officials.
Melamine
found in fish feed at ODFW hatchery
Canada's food watchdog says 57 fish hatcheries and fish
farms bought melamine-contaminated food pellets.
(CBC)
Tuesday, May 15, 2007
SALEM - The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has confirmed the finding
of melamine in fish feed at the Marion Forks Hatchery in Idanha.
The Marion Forks Hatchery manager had discontinued use of the feed, labeled
as Bio Vita Starter, No. 1 crumble grade, lot No. 32734, several days
earlier when the FDA initially contacted them about testing the feed.
The No. 1 crumble grade of food is used as a starter diet for juvenile
salmon and trout.
Subsequent to the FDA's confirmation that there was melamine in the fish
feed, ODFW officials contacted the Skretting Company representatives to
find out if the feed had been shipped to other ODFW hatcheries.
Representatives from Skretting confirmed that the same lot was sent to
the Willamette, Gnat Creek, Big Creek, Cole Rivers, Butte Falls and Leaburg
hatcheries.
Hatchery managers immediately discontinued using any remaining fish feed
from the lot in question and notified the FDA. There has been no sampling
by the FDA at these locations as of yet.
"Although officials from the FDA have not associated any risk to
the fish or humans as a result of the melamine finding, we've stopped
using the lot No. 32734 feed," said Steve Williams, ODFW deputy fish
administrator.
"We're taking a measured approach and working with several state
and federal agencies to ensure the health of our hatchery fish populations."
The Oregon Department of Agriculture is responsible for regulating commercial
fish feed and other animal feed distributed in Oregon. ODA has been working
with FDA on the investigation of melamine-contaminated ingredients and
will continue partnering with FDA and ODFW in the fish feed investigation.
The fish feed is manufactured in Vancouver, Canada, by the Skretting Company.
It's distributed under the Bio-Oregon label out of Longview, Wash.
Melamine is not thought to bio-accumulate in fish. However, Skretting
is taking the precautionary step of voluntarily recalling all un-fed starter
feed related to the batch in question.
In their recent press release, Skretting officials said that they are
working in close cooperation with the FDA and Canadian Food Inspection
Agency on this issue.
Cereal Byproducts
Company Announces the Voluntary Nationwide Recall of Rice Protein Concentrate
Produced in China
source from: http://www.solanconews.com
MT. PROSPECT, ILCereal Byproducts Company is announcing that the FDA has
determined that there are melamine and/or melamine derivatives in the
rice protein concentrate produced by a single source Chinese supplier,
Binzhou Futian Biology Technology Co. Ltd., and purchased through a local
domestic importer. Cereal Byproducts shipped the recalled product to a
total of three customers located in the Midwest between July 19, 2006
and March 14, 2007. The FDA previously found melamine and/or melamine
derivatives in Wilbur-Ellis Company's rice protein concentrate, which
was purchased from the same Chinese supplier as Cereal Byproducts. Cereal
Byproducts proactively notified their customers of this finding, and thereafter
both parties implemented their own voluntary recall of the contaminated
products on or about April 19, 2007.
Although Cereal Byproducts has received no confirmed cases of pet deaths,
it voluntarily chose to initiate the recall when Cereal Byproducts discovered
there was a potential contamination of melamine or melamine type derivatives
in the rice protein. We are confident that our customers have implemented
on-going recalls and the remaining rice protein concentrate, not previously
distributed to these customers, is located at a separate warehouse facility
under quarantine.
Cereal Byproducts assures its customers that the safety and quality of
the ingredients it supplies is a top priority. Since 1917 it has always
been our goal to ensure the safety and integrity of our products. Cereal
Byproducts is working closely with the FDA to assist in its efforts to
address the recent development affecting the pet food industry.
Customers with questions about this recall or any Cereal Byproducts Company
product should visit the website at riceproteinrecall.com or visit the
FDA website at www.fda.gov for more information.
A
Chinese dog owner walks her dog in Beijing. A Chinese company accused
of selling chemical-tainted wheat gluten, linked to the deaths of at least
a dozen pet cats and dogs in the United States, says it sells most of
its wheat gluten within China, raising concerns about whether people or
animals there have been exposed.
China crackdown
on food safety
source from:
http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/B5DAB617-FB9A-48EA-98B3-9EA46515AF01.htm
A series of scandals over tainted food has prompted the government to
promise action
China has announced a nationwide campaign to tackle food and drug safety
problems, vowing a raft of measures to tackle errant producers and enforce
standards.
The move follows a series of scandals at home and abroad, including a
recent case involving tainted pet food in the US that has left dozens
of cats and dogs dead.
Ealier this week authorities announced the detention of managers from
two Chinese firms linked to the contaminated pet food pending an investigation.
US officials said ingredients used in the pet food had been tainted with
melamine, a chemical used in plastics, fertilisers and flame retardants.
In a statement on its website, China's General Administration of Quality
Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine said the companies broke regulations
by adding the melamine, and then broke the law by mislabelling the exported
products to avoid detection.
Standards
Announcing the new regulations China's cabinet, the State Council, said
on Wednesday the crackdown would compel companies to adopt "standards
used in food-importing countries".
The Xinhua New Agency meanwhile cited officials as saying the government
was in the process of drafting amendments to the country's food safety
law, but gave no details.
It said all classes of food and drugs would be subject to more rigorous
inspections, with an emphasis on securing the food supply chain and boosting
food safety in the vast, mostly impoverished countryside.
The crackdown comes as China faces criticism from the US and European
Union for what they allege are unfair trade practices, and fears that
tainted food scandals could lead to bans on Chinese food products.
Banned
US inspectors say tainted pet food killed an
unknown number of dogs and cats [Reuters]
Already this year, the US states of Mississippi and Alabama have banned
catfish from China after tests found they contained antibiotics banned
in the US.
Excessive antibiotic or pesticide residues have also led to bans in Europe
and Japan on Chinese shrimp, honey and other products.
Hong Kong blocked imports of turbot last year after inspectors found traces
of malachite green - a potential cancer-causing chemical used to treat
fungal infections - in some fish.
Within China meanwhile, babies have died after being fed fake baby formula,
cancer-causing dyes have been injected into eggs to make yolks redder,
and children have been given saltwater passed off as rabies vaccine.
At the same time, observers say, the Chinese agency that sets regulator
standards for food and drug safety has been in disarray for years.
Its director, Zheng Xiaoyu, was sacked in 2005 and has since been accused
of taking up to $780,000 in bribes to approve untested medicines, including
an antibiotic that killed at least 10 patients.
He is scheduled to go on trial in mid-May on charges of corruption.
Pigs Given
Tainted Feed are Cleared for Market
Pigs that were fed contaminated pet food scraps are safe to be eaten.
The U.S. Agriculture Department gave the all-clear today. This will allow
the estimated 56,000 pigs to be slaughtered for human consumption.
The feed included scraps from pet food made with an ingredient later found
to be tainted by compounds like the industrial chemical melamine.
Those compounds proved lethal to an unknown number of dogs and cats fed
tainted pet food. It's believed the chemical became diluted enough in
farm animal feed to not pose a risk to pigs -- or the people who eat them.
Officials say a 132-pound person would have to eat more than 800 pounds
of melamine-tainted pork a day to run any health risk.
SDA Clears
Swine for Processing Human Health Risk Assessment Updated
source from: http://www.rushprnews.com/press/archives/123704
Washington, DC (rushprnews) May 17, 2007 -Testing confirms that meat from
swine fed rations supplemented with pet food scraps containing melamine
and related compounds is safe for human consumption, prompting the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA) to allow swine held on farms to be released
and approved for processing.
Testing of meat from swine exposed to the feed in question confirms that
melamine and melamine compounds do not accumulate in pork and are filtered
out of the body by the action of the kidneys. The testing also bolsters
the conclusions reached by a human health risk assessment that there is
a very low risk of human illness from the consumption of meat from animals
exposed to the feed in question. Swine known to have eaten this feed appear
healthy, which will be confirmed as these animals undergo the rigorous
inspection that FSIS provides for all meat and poultry prior to processing.
There were approximately 56,000 swine that consumed the feed in question
and were held on farms in California, North Carolina, South Carolina,
New York, Kansas, Utah and Illinois. USDA will provide compensation to
producers for certain additional costs incurred as a result of voluntarily
holding the animals. Approximately 100 million swine are processed each
year in the U.S.
The process for testing meat from swine was validated by USDA¡¯s Food Safety
and Inspection Service (FSIS).
Human Health Risk Assessment
The human health risk assessment announced by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) and USDA last week has been updated. It still concludes that there
is very low risk of harm to humans from eating food containing low levels
of melamine or related compounds.
The updated risk assessment concludes that in the most extreme risk assessment
scenario, when scientists assumed that all the solid food a person consumes
in an entire day contained melamine and the melamine compound cyanuric
acid at levels potentially present in the meat, the potential exposure
is about 250 times lower than the dose considered safe. Translated to
consumption levels, this means that a person weighing 132 pounds would
have to eat more than 800 pounds per day of pork or other food containing
melamine and its compounds to approach a level of consumption that would
cause a health concern. Previously, the agencies reported that the potential
exposure was about 2,500 times lower than the safe level.
The initial human risk assessment assumed that tests of swine meat detected
melamine and its compounds. The testing validation process, completed
on May 12, revealed that while the swine meat test detects melamine, it
cannot detect melamine related compounds. The updated assessment calculates
risk based on the new updated laboratory information that accounts for
the presence of melamine and cyanuric acid, a melamine related compound
detected in the contaminated feed.
In addition, the original risk assessment assumed that testing could detect
levels of melamine and related compounds as low as 10 parts per billion
(ppb) in pork. The new assessment assumes that testing can detect levels
only as low as 50 ppb in pork, a more conservative assumption, and an
even higher level of 100 ppb is assumed in order to account for the potential
presence of cyanuric acid, in addition to melamine.
FDA and USDA are in the process of identifying scientific experts who
would be charged with reviewing the updated risk assessment. They will
be asked to provide their views to FDA as quickly as possible, with the
intent of finalizing the risk assessment within several weeks.
Update on Other Affected Products
Approximately 80,000 poultry continue to be held at USDA¡¯s request at
farms in Indiana while a validated test for detecting melamine in poultry
meat is developed. That test is expected later this week.
FDA is continuing its investigation into the presence of melamine and
its compounds in fish feed manufactured by the Canadian company Skretting.
The company is recalling all fish feed from all commercial fisheries and
fish hatcheries that may have received it, including those in the United
States. FDA has confirmed there are two U.S. commercial aquaculture establishments
that received the feed. The fish in those two establishments are on hold
and samples of the fish and the feed are being tested for melamine levels.
Based on the human risk assessment, there is very low risk from eating
fish that consumed feed containing melamine.
USDA and FDA continue to conduct a full and comprehensive investigation.
As additional information is confirmed, updates will be provided and decisions
will be made using the best available science to protect the public¡¯s
health.
Melamine-fed
swine cleared
source from: http://www.capitalpress.info/
Validated test confirms safety of pork, investigation of poultry and fish
feed continues
Bob Krauter
Capital Press California Editor
WASHINGTON - The U.S. Department of Agriculture has cleared swine being
held on farms to be released for processing and consumption following
additional investigation into the risks associated with pet food tainted
with melamine.
On Tuesday, USDA officials announced that tests of meat from hogs exposed
to the pet feed showed melamine does not concentrate in meat and is excreted
in urine. As a result, they said the testing completed on May 12 offers
additional evidence to support a human health risk assessment that the
public health risk from consuming pork exposed to the suspect feed is
very low.
"Today we are announcing that we do have a validated test for the
presence of melamine in swine. Testing confirms that meat from swine fed
rations supplemented with pet food scraps containing melamine and related
compounds is safe for human consumption," said Dr. Kenneth Peterson,
assistant administrator for Field Operations with the USDA Food Safety
Inspection Service. "Therefore, it's no longer necessary for a these
swine to be held on farms. They can be safely sent for further processing."
Approximately 56,000 swine in California and five other states that consumed
suspect feed were held on farms while a joint USDA-U.S. Food and Drug
Administration investigation probed how melamine entered pet food channels
and what the risks were to public health. Compensation will be paid to
affected producers in California, Illinois, Kansas, New York, North Carolina,
South Carolina and Utah for the costs they incurred for voluntarily holding
their animals.
On April 18, FDA alerted the California Department of Food and Agriculture
to the possibility of contaminated salvage pet food being fed to swine
at American Hog Farm in Ceres. An investigation led to an immediate quarantine
of the farm. Officials traced suspect animals to several Northern California
vendors.
On Tuesday, federal officials said USDA continues to hold 80,000 poultry
in Indiana pending the completion of a validated test of melamine in poultry
later this week.
Officials are also investigating the presence of melamine and its compounds
in fish feed manufactured by a Canadian company. The company, Skretting,
is recalling its fish feed from all commercial fisheries and fish hatcheries
that may have purchased it, including two U.S. commercial aquaculture
operations. The fish are being held and samples are being taken of fish
and feed to determine the presence of melamine.
Dr. David Acheson assistant commissioner for Food Protection with the
FDA, said officials do not yet have specific information on the levels
of melamine in those fish, but "based on the human health risk assessment
that I have just been discussing, there's a very low risk associated with
eating fish that consumed feed containing melamine."
It is believed melamine-contaminated rice protein concentrate and wheat
gluten imported from China are the source of the problem. Acheson told
reporters that FDA investigators have returned from China where they examined
several sites. They will prepare reports on what they found and submit
the information to the FDA Office of Regulatory Affairs in the near future,
Acheson said.
Melamine-contaminated
meat found safe for consumption
source from: http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com
By
staff reporter
5/16/2007 - Meat from swine exposed to melamine has been found safe for
human consumption, prompting the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to
allow swine held on farms to be released and approved for processing.
According to testing conducted by the regulatory agency, melamine ingested
through contaminated feed does not accumulate in pork and is filtered
out of the body by the action of the kidneys.
The findings come as some relief to the meat industry, which faced the
sudden quarantine of around 56,000 swine while an investigation was being
carried out. The animals, which were held on farms in California, North
Carolina, South Carolina, New York, Kansas, Utah and Illinois, have now
been cleared for processing.
USDA said the testing bolsters the conclusions reached by a human health
risk assessment that there is a "very low risk" of human illness
from the consumption of meat from animals exposed to contaminated feed.
Announced last week, the risk assessment has now been updated with an
examination of a "most extreme risk assessment scenario".
Scientists assumed that all the solid food a person consumes in an entire
day contained melamine and the melamine compound cyanuric acid at levels
potentially present in the meat. In this scenario, the potential exposure
was found to be about 250 times lower than the dose considered safe, said
USDA in a joint statement with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
"Translated to consumption levels, this means that a person weighing
132 pounds would have to eat more than 800 pounds per day of pork or other
food containing melamine and its compounds to approach a level of consumption
that would cause a health concern. Previously, the agencies reported that
the potential exposure was about 2,500 times lower than the safe level."
The agencies' original risk assessment assumed that testing could detect
levels of melamine and related compounds as low as 10 parts per billion
(ppb) in pork. The new assessment assumes that testing can detect levels
only as low as 50 ppb in pork, "a more conservative assumption",
and an even higher level of 100 ppb is assumed in order to account for
the potential presence of cyanuric acid, in addition to melamine.
FDA and USDA said they are also in the process of identifying scientific
experts who would be charged with reviewing the updated risk assessment.
They will be asked to provide their views to FDA as quickly as possible,
with the intent of finalizing the assessment within several weeks.
MELAMINE
AND ANALOGUES SAFETY/RISK ASSESSMENT: FACT SHEET
MELAMINE
AND ANALOGUES SAFETY/RISK ASSESSMENT: FACT SHEET
Missouri
pet food company issues melamine-related recall
Tuesday, May 15, 2007, 3:36 PM
by Julie Harker
Traces of melamine compounds found in dog and cat found made at a pet
food company in St. Charles, Missouri, have led to a nationwide recall.
Royal Canin USA is recalling eight dry dog foods carrying the Sensible
Choice label, along with six dry dog foods marketed under the Kasco label.
It's also recalling a Kasco cat food. The company says it has ?no- confirmed
cases of melamine-related illnesses in any pets eating the food. The company
says a ¡°very limited number¡± of its products tested positive for trace
levels of melamine derivative. The Missouri company brands join the list
of well over 100 pet food brands recalled because of the contaminated
ingredients purchased from China.
China finds
no trace of melamine
Souce from: http://washingtontimes.com/business
May 17, 2007
SHANGHAI (AP) -- China
says checks on food exporters have turned up no sign of a chemical blamed
for the deaths of cats and dogs in North America, and the country has
urged U.S. authorities to refrain from further action against Chinese
producers.
The government body responsible for overseeing food safety said it accompanied
U.S. Food and Drug Administration inspectors on visits to two companies
blamed for the chemical contamination.
The incidents involving Xuzhou Anying Biologic Technology Development
Co. Ltd. and Binzhou Futian Biology Technology Co. Ltd. were "special
individual cases," the General Administration of Quality Supervision,
Inspection and Quarantine said in a statement viewed on its Web site yesterday.
U.S. inspectors said wheat gluten exported by the companies and used to
make pet food was tainted with a mildly toxic melamine and caused the
deaths of an unknown number of dogs and cats. That led to a recall of
154 brands of pet food contaminated with the chemical.
Chinese authorities have detained an undisclosed number of managers from
the two companies. The statement said FDA inspectors also expressed satisfaction
with the quality controls and tracing measures in place at another exporter
of vegetable protein, Sinoglory, saying those met U.S. production standards
for similar products.
"China emphasizes that its determination to crack down on law-breaking
enterprises is firm and its policies are effective," according to
the statement.
"We hope the American side will accurately and objectively deal with
problems among individual companies and not take stringent measures against
other Chinese companies producing the same type of products," it
said.
China says the two companies added melamine to the gluten after failing
to provide the protein level required in their contracts.
Melamine, used in plastics, fertilizers and flame retardants, has no nutritional
value but is high in nitrogen, making products to which it is added appear
to be higher in protein.
China also has accused the companies of illegally mislabeling their exported
products to avoid inspections. U.S. officials say they don't believe melamine
to be harmful to humans, but say they have too little data to determine
how it reacts with other substances.
China urges
U.S. to act fairly over tainted food
source from: http://www.iht.com/articles/
SHANGHAI: China has urged the United States not to take punitive action
against exporters of agricultural goods even though the government found
that two Chinese companies intentionally contaminated American pet food
ingredients with an industrial chemical.
The government said this week that it had recently closed the two companies
and had also detained several company officials for helping cause one
of the largest pet food recalls in United States history.
The announcement, which was released late Monday on the web site of the
country's quality inspection watchdog, appeared just days after U.S. Food
& Drug Administration investigators ended a two-week long visit to
China seeking to determine how an industrial chemical called melamine
got mixed into pet food ingredients.
"We hope the American side will accurately and objectively deal with
problems among individual companies and not take stringent measures against
other Chinese companies producing the same type of products," the
government statement read.
China also said it hoped the case would not lead to trade frictions.
A spokesman for the FDA in Washington could not be reached for comment.
On Tuesday, however, FDA officials said during a press conference that
U.S. investigators had recently returned from China and were now preparing
a report on the trip. The official said it was unclear when such a report
would be released.
The announcement was the government's clearest signal yet that China was
working hard to repair the damage done by the pet food scandal and growing
concerns about the quality of the country's agricultural exports.
In recent weeks, China has vowed to step up its own inspections of agricultural
and food exports and to prove that the country does not have a problem
with melamine-tainted food or feed ingredients.
The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection & Quarantine
said in its statement this week and in a similar statement a week earlier
that recently completed nationwide inspections had not turned up any food
or feed products containing melamine.
The government seems determined to paint the two Chinese companies blamed
for exporting melamine-tainted wheat flour to the United States. as rogue
companies, or "special individual cases" in a largely well-managed
export industry.
The government's announcement, however, seems at odds with Chinese agricultural
officials who in recent weeks have said in interviews that for years they
have either used melamine in animal feed, sold it to animal and fish feed
producers or knew of the sale and use of melamine in animal feed.
The interviews, with animal feed producers, melamine makers and melamine
and feed traders, suggested that it was a widespread practice to mix melamine
into feed in order to cheat buyers into thinking they were getting higher
protein meal.
China initially rejected the role of Chinese exports in the pet food scandal
and then insisted melamine could not have caused harm to American pets.
But later, the government announced a ban on the use of melamine in most
food ingredients.
In its announcement Monday, China said its investigation showed that the
two Chinese companies named by American regulators as the exporters of
tainted wheat flour - Xuzhou Anying Biologic Technology Development and
Binzhou Futian Biology Technology - had both sought to artificially bolster
the protein reading on the goods they had exported to the U.S. by adding
melamine, a chemical used to make plastics and fertilizer. Because melamine
is high in nitrogen, it is known to spike protein counts.
The FDA and other government agencies have concluded that the melamine
is unlikely to be harmful to humans, and that consuming meat from an animal
that has ingested melamine does not pose a significant danger. Some hogs
are now being released back into the food system.
Now, the FDA and the Chinese government are searching for a way to protect
the food system and to resolve trade issues.
China food
scare threatens exports as test costs soar
By Nao Nakanishi
source
from: http://www.sciam.com
HONG KONG (Reuters) - Foreign buyers
of Chinese food are asking for safety tests following the melamine pet
food debacle, threatening the country's competitive position in a
wide range of markets, including organic ingredients.
Industry
officials said U.S. and other firms had demanded a certificate that farm
products were free of melamine.
Their comments came after a U.S. Food and Drug Administration team visited
China to investigate how melamine, a chemical product, got into pet food,
killing at least 16 pets in the United States and leading to a recall
of more than 100 brands of pet food.
Costs for such safety checks are expected to soar, especially as it would
take time for the country to build up reliable nationwide quality controls.
"This scandal has had severe consequences for the whole industry,"
said Chuk Ng, general manager of Nutrogen (Dalian) Co. Ltd, a company
specializing in organic and non-genetically modified (GMO) farm products.
"Now the European and U.S. clients are checking every batch
of products coming from China ... The GMO test is one. Now you add tests
for melamine or other heavy metals or pesticides, the costs are very high,
too high," Ng said.
Pressured by the U.S. government after the melamine breaches, Beijing
has pledged to act on food safety and announced an industry clean-up that
would bring inspections for fertilizer, pesticides and additives in livestock
feed.
Foreign buyers, reluctant to take risks, are sending large quantities
of food samples to international testing specialists such as Eurofins
Scientific or SGS Group.
JAPAN, OWN SYSTEMS
The industry officials said Japan, which accounts for about a quarter
of China's farm product exports, had also recommended importers check
for melamine in Chinese products, such as rice flour or wheat gluten,
for use in animal feed.
"The safety tests for raw materials are likely to get tougher,"
said a senior official from a Japanese food processing plant in China.
"Eventually they could demand traceability similar to that for non-GMO
products ... which would raise costs. Given higher costs and credibility,
there's a question if you would still want to buy raw materials from China."
A year ago Japan tightened safety checks on farm products from China,
which has angered Beijing. The new rules require checks for nearly 300
pesticides and chemicals residues at loading ports as well as at discharging
ports.
Asked how to guarantee the quality of food imported from China, an official
in charge of food safety at one of Hong Kong's largest food retailers
said: "It's very important to get system in place for traceability
all the way back in the supply chain.
"When you have traceability, you can then have accountability. I
think this is what China lacks."
Food
Safety and Quality Job Information
Food Safety and Quality Job Information
2nd
International Conference for Food Safety and Quality (Nov.
6-7, 2007), South San Francisco Convention Center
1st International Conference for Food Safety and Quality
(Nov. 7-8, 2006)
Major Topic: Current Detection Methods for Microbiological/Chemical Hazards
for Food Safety/Quality
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